(1) “People-oriented”, reflecting the care for all kinds of people. Although the “people-oriented” planning and design concept has been accepted by many management departments, there are still various deviations in the understanding of true humanization. “The essence of design humanization is to carry out design thinking with people as the center when considering design issues, and to take people as the center is not to consider individual people one-sidedly, but to comprehensively consider the people of the group and the people of the society, consider the combination of the part of the group and the whole of society, and consider the harmony and unity of the development of society and the more long-term living environment of human beings. Therefore, humanized design should grasp the design direction from the height of human nature to comprehensively coordinate the deep-seated problems involved in product development”.
Therefore, the design of public toilets should consider a variety of groups of people, for the disabled and the elderly, they should use the toilet and wash basin set up with a safety grab rod made of stainless steel pipes, at the same time, because of the special physical condition of such people should be set up in their toilets, in an emergency to get timely treatment. For children who can move alone, since they are much shorter than adults, they should be provided with some lower urinals and wash basins, and these sanitary ware should be designed to match the psychological characteristics of children. For those who carry young children, the seat of the infant should be fixed in the front corner of the adult toilet, and sometimes a special baby table (diaper change) should be set up to bring great convenience and security to parents carrying babies.
(2) Layout design. According to the requirements of the state for the layout of urban public toilets, a distance of 300–500m is set up in the bustling area with a large flow of people; the streets with dense floating population should be less than 300m, and the general streets should be set up at a distance of every 750-1000m; and the public green space should be set up every l0000m2 or every 500m. And public toilets should be set up with obvious standards. When designing the layout of the toilet, the structural layout of the toilet should be guided by the demand, and the public toilet compartments, ventilation lighting equipment, and hand paper and soap should be provided. Considering that women queue significantly more than men, the proportion of women’s toilets should be expanded.
(3) Public toilet sanitary ware and corresponding hardware design. The design of sanitary ware should take into account the environment in which it is used, for example, in public toilets, squat toilets are more hygienic, while in higher-grade toilets, sitting toilets should be the mainstay. In the design process of the wash basin, it should be taken into account that women spend a lot of time on tidying up makeup, and some may be just to make up, so the number of wash basins in the women’s toilet should be appropriately larger.
Odor prevention is the old and difficult problem of public toilets, those sewage flowing, smelly public toilets, mostly because of poor ground drainage, equipment and pipes running dripping caused, so the quality of pipes and hardware accessories, directly affect the use of the entire toilet function and effect, in addition to the water should be provided with a water bend, the floor drain should have a water seal.
(4) Environmental design. Designing a public toilet is simple, but it is not so easy to design a public toilet in the entire environment. Because of the impact of public toilets on people’s living environment. First, the impact of public toilet building design on the ecological environment. People often refer to the toilet as a “relaxing place”, and the architectural design of the interior of the public toilet should be based on the theme of “ease and hygiene”, for this reason, we must pay attention to the choice of building materials, the harmony of building tones, the timely flushing and the setting of ventilation devices. Second, the impact of fecal waste on the ecological environment. Water-flushed public toilets will easily flush feces into the septic tank, do not think that the inside of the toilet becomes clean and odorless, in line with environmental protection requirements, perhaps it is the beginning of polluting the environment. Therefore, we should not design it as a public toilet in isolation, but should design it as a product of the environment and an interdependent object with the environment, but also as an action to protect the environment from every detail, and jointly assume the responsibility of protecting the foundation of our human existence.
